在北京翻譯公司的翻譯過(guò)程中，我們可能因?yàn)槟承┮蛩囟�影響翻譯的質(zhì)量，那么這些影響翻譯質(zhì)量的因素都是什么呢?

　　In the translation process of Beijing Translation Company, some factors may affect the quality of translation. What are the factors that affect the quality of translation?

　　1、語(yǔ)義理解障礙：

　　1, semantic understanding obstacle:

　　閱讀和分析原文階段，原文的語(yǔ)義含糊性和句法復(fù)雜性是影響等值程度最主要的因素。由于原文有意無(wú)意的語(yǔ)義含糊，譯者很難確定原文的真實(shí)語(yǔ)義，不同的人有不同的理解，也就產(chǎn)生不同的譯文。如，以漢語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人常喜歡間接地或迂回地表達(dá)自己對(duì)一個(gè)男孩或女孩長(zhǎng)相的看法，便說(shuō)“她長(zhǎng)得困難”——這就不能不給譯者帶來(lái)“別扭”的感覺(jué)。如果直譯為“She grows difficult.”老外讀了可能費(fèi)解;如果意譯為“She looks ugly.”原文的風(fēng)趣就喪失了。

　　In reading and analyzing the original stage, the semantic ambiguity and syntactic complexity of the original text are the most important factors affecting the equivalence level. Due to the intentional or unintentional ambiguity of the original, it is difficult for the translator to determine the true meaning of the original. Different people have different understandings, and different translations will be produced. For example, Chinese native speakers often like to express their views on a boy or girl's appearance indirectly and indirectly, and say "she is difficult" - this can not give the translator a "awkward" feeling. If literally translated as "She grows difficult." foreigners may be confused to read; if paraphrased as "She looks ugly." the original wit is lost.

　　要克服語(yǔ)義含糊，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)原文語(yǔ)義就要求譯者對(duì)原語(yǔ)有較高的把握能力，盡可能綜合考慮與原文語(yǔ)義相關(guān)的所有因素，挖掘出原文真實(shí)內(nèi)涵。即便如此也難實(shí)現(xiàn)絕對(duì)的“等值”。

　　To overcome the ambiguity and convey the semantic meaning of the original, it requires the translator to have a good grasp of the original language, and consider all the factors related to the original text as much as possible to excavate the true meaning of the original text. Even so it is difficult to achieve the absolute "equal value".

　　原文句法過(guò)于復(fù)雜也是譯者遇到的比較棘手的問(wèn)題，翻譯前譯者不得不將復(fù)雜的句法重新梳理一遍，即先進(jìn)行語(yǔ)內(nèi)翻譯，然后再轉(zhuǎn)換成譯語(yǔ)，這也在一定程度上影響了等值程度。

　　The complexity of the original text is also a difficult problem for the translator. Before translation, the translator has to RECOMB the complex syntax, that is, to translate into the language first and then convert it into the target language, which also affects the degree of equivalence to a certain extent.

　　2、表達(dá)方式相異：

　　2, the way of expression is different:

　　分析完原文后，在原文轉(zhuǎn)換成譯文階段，譯者同樣遇到很多影響等值的因素，大都與表達(dá)方式、文體風(fēng)格有關(guān)。原文里同一個(gè)句法單位，譯文通常都有幾種等值程度不一的表達(dá)方式與之對(duì)應(yīng)(固定用法除外)，表達(dá)方式的取舍在一定程度上決定了譯文等值程度的高低。

　　After the analysis of the source text, the translator also encounters many factors affecting the equivalence, mostly related to the way of expression and style. In the same syntactic unit in the original text, the translation usually corresponds to the expression of several different degrees of equivalence (except for fixed usage), and the choice of the way of expression determines the level of the equivalent of the translation to a certain extent.

　　我們的取舍原則是選擇最自然的對(duì)等物，即采用最符合譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣及慣用語(yǔ)搭配的表達(dá)方式。

　　Our principle of choice is to choose the most natural equivalents, that is, to adopt expressions that are most consistent with the conventions of the target language and collocations of idioms.

　　3、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不同：

　　3. The grammatical structure is different:

　　不同語(yǔ)言有不同的語(yǔ)法范疇、語(yǔ)法規(guī)則和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，這些不同導(dǎo)致它們傳達(dá)信息的方式也不同。譯文語(yǔ)言若缺失原文語(yǔ)言的某種語(yǔ)法范疇或結(jié)構(gòu)，則在譯文中很難找到一個(gè)與原文直接對(duì)應(yīng)的對(duì)等物，譯者也不得不對(duì)原文的信息或增或刪、做出某些取舍。在這些影響翻譯的語(yǔ)法范疇中，尤其強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)、性、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)體、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)。

　　Different languages have different grammatical categories, grammatical rules and grammatical structures, which lead to different ways of conveying information. If the target language lacks a grammatical category or structure in the original language, it is difficult to find a counterpart in the target text which is directly corresponding to the original text. In these grammatical categories that affect translation, particular emphasis is placed on number, sex, tense and style, voice and person.

　　因此，不同語(yǔ)言之間的語(yǔ)法差異也是影響等值程度的一個(gè)重要因素。語(yǔ)法差異越大，達(dá)到等值的難度也就越大。如，漢語(yǔ)中的“獨(dú)詞句”或沒(méi)有主語(yǔ)的句子很多。在將其譯成英文時(shí)就要補(bǔ)充上語(yǔ)法或邏輯上的語(yǔ)，這就不能實(shí)現(xiàn)“等值”的翻譯。“蛇!”作為一個(gè)表示驚訝的句子，要用三個(gè)以上的英文字，才能將其譯出。[It’s a snake! ] “C1=E3”如何等值?

　　Therefore, the grammatical difference between different languages is also an important factor affecting the degree of equivalence. The greater the difference in grammar, the more difficult it is to achieve equivalence. For example, there are many "single words" in Chinese or sentences without subjects. When translating it into English, it is necessary to add grammatical or logical terms, so that the translation of "equivalence" can not be realized. Snake, as a surprise sentence, needs more than three English words to translate it. How do [It 's a snake!] "C1=E3" be equal?

　　4、文章體裁：

　　4. The genre of the article:

　　文章體裁是影響翻譯等值程度一個(gè)很重要的因素。不同體裁具有不同的功能，是表情功能、信息功能抑或呼語(yǔ)功能，這在翻譯中都不能忽視。奈達(dá)在論述“動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等”時(shí)提出的四條原則之一便是譯文與原文的文學(xué)體裁所起的作用一致。

　　Article genre is a very important factor affecting the degree of translation equivalence. Different genres have different functions, such as expressive function, information function or vocative function, which can not be ignored in translation. One of Nida's four principles in his discussion of "dynamic equivalence" is that the translation plays the same role as the literary genre of the original text.

　　例如，原文體裁若具有認(rèn)識(shí)職能，譯文也須具有這種職能，原文的語(yǔ)言職能是美學(xué)職能，譯文也須實(shí)現(xiàn)美學(xué)職能。詩(shī)歌被普遍認(rèn)為是最難達(dá)到等值甚至是一種不可譯的文學(xué)體裁，不僅因?yàn)樗�在文字、音韻、隱喻等方面的特性，更因?yàn)樘N(yùn)含其中的神韻、意境或者說(shuō)是味道，即詩(shī)之所以為詩(shī)的東西都使常人無(wú)法企及。

　　For example, if the original genre has the cognitive function, the translation must also have this function. The linguistic function of the original is the aesthetic function, and the translation must also realize the aesthetic function. Poetry is generally considered to be the most difficult and even an untranslatable literary genre, not only because of its characteristics in words, phonology and metaphor, but also because of its charm, artistic conception, or taste.

　　不同的文章體裁應(yīng)有不同的等值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，甚至是每篇文章都應(yīng)有其自身的等值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　Different articles should have different standards of equivalence, and even every article should have its own equivalent standard.

　　以上介紹的幾點(diǎn)就是影響北京翻譯公司翻譯質(zhì)量的因素，因此大家一定要注意這些問(wèn)題，希望本文對(duì)大家有所幫助。

　　The above points are the factors that affect the translation quality of Beijing Translation Company, so we must pay attention to these problems, I hope this article will be helpful to you.